lysine - определение. Что такое lysine
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Что (кто) такое lysine - определение

GROUP OF STEREOISOMERS
2,6-diaminohexanoic acid; Iysine; Lycine; L-Lysine; Amino acid K; Lysl; Lysine degradation; Lysyl; E642; Lysine hydrochloride; Hyperlysinuria; 2,6-Diaminohexanoic acid; D-lysine; L-lysine; ATC code B05XB03; ATCvet code QB05XB03; Lysine deficiency; Enisyl; Lysine biosynthesis; Lysine metabolism; Lysine contingency; 2,6-diaminocaproic acid; 2,6-Diaminocaproic acid
  • '''Lysine biosynthesis pathways.''' Two pathways are responsible for the ''de novo'' biosynthesis of <small>L</small>-lysine, namely the (A) diaminopimelate pathway and (B) α‑aminoadipate pathway.
  • '''Saccharopine lysine catabolism pathway.''' The saccharopine pathway is the most prominent pathway for the catabolism of lysine.

lysine         
['l??si:n]
¦ noun Biochemistry a basic amino acid which is a constituent of most proteins, an essential nutrient in the diet of vertebrates.
Lycine         
·noun A weak base identical with betaine;
- so called because found in the boxthorn (Lycium barbarum). ·see Betaine.
Indoleacetate—lysine synthetase         
CLASS OF ENZYMES
Indoleacetate-lysine synthetase; EC 6.3.2.20; (indol-3-yl)acetate:L-lysine ligase (ADP-forming)
In enzymology, an indoleacetate—lysine synthetase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

Википедия

Lysine

Lysine (symbol Lys or K) is an α-amino acid that is a precursor to many proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+
3
form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO form under biological conditions), and a side chain lysyl ((CH2)4NH2), classifying it as a basic, charged (at physiological pH), aliphatic amino acid. It is encoded by the codons AAA and AAG. Like almost all other amino acids, the α-carbon is chiral and lysine may refer to either enantiomer or a racemic mixture of both. For the purpose of this article, lysine will refer to the biologically active enantiomer L-lysine, where the α-carbon is in the S configuration.

The human body cannot synthesize lysine. It is essential in humans and must therefore be obtained from the diet. In organisms that synthesise lysine, two main biosynthetic pathways exist, the diaminopimelate and α-aminoadipate pathways, which employ distinct enzymes and substrates and are found in diverse organisms. Lysine catabolism occurs through one of several pathways, the most common of which is the saccharopine pathway.

Lysine plays several roles in humans, most importantly proteinogenesis, but also in the crosslinking of collagen polypeptides, uptake of essential mineral nutrients, and in the production of carnitine, which is key in fatty acid metabolism. Lysine is also often involved in histone modifications, and thus, impacts the epigenome. The ε-amino group often participates in hydrogen bonding and as a general base in catalysis. The ε-ammonium group (−NH+
3
) is attached to the fourth carbon from the α-carbon, which is attached to the carboxyl (C=OOH) group.

Due to its importance in several biological processes, a lack of lysine can lead to several disease states including defective connective tissues, impaired fatty acid metabolism, anaemia, and systemic protein-energy deficiency. In contrast, an overabundance of lysine, caused by ineffective catabolism, can cause severe neurological disorders.

Lysine was first isolated by the German biological chemist Ferdinand Heinrich Edmund Drechsel in 1889 from the protein casein in milk. He named it "lysin". In 1902, the German chemists Emil Fischer and Fritz Weigert determined lysine's chemical structure by synthesizing it.

Примеры употребления для lysine
1. The feed contains a lot of essential amino acid including lysine, methionine, ѓŔcarotene and arginine, which are produced in the course of fermenting Pistia stratiotes cv.
2. Archer had been fined $70m by the US authorities, and then a further €43.'m by the European Commission for its part in a global lysine cartel in the 1''0s.
3. Archer had been fined $70m by US authorities, and then a further €43.'m ($56m) by the European Commission for its part in a global lysine cartel in the 1''0s.
4. It claimed the fine represented 115 per cent of European market turnover in lysine, an amino acid used in animal feed, during the final year of the infringement and so was disproportionate.
5. This may relax you, but it wouldn‘t be enough on its own after a big night." 5/10 Overall rating: 4/10 Nurofen Express, from 1.'' for 6 caplets How it works: Ibuprofen lysine is absorbed more quickly than traditional ibuprofen, offering faster pain relief.